Pelatihan K3, Konsultan MEP & Infrastruktur
0858-9365-2156
Kebun Jeruk Jakarta Barat

Basic First Aid Training

Objective :

  1. Training participants identify victims with signs of airway obstruction, breathing, cardiac arrest, bleeding and fainting.

  2. Trainees are skilled and able to provide assistance to victims with airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest, and bleeding and fainting.

  3. Training participants can record and report an accident or illness.

Definition of first aid:

PROVIDING IMMEDIATE HELP TO PATIENTS WITH ILLNESS OR INJURY/ACCIDENTS THAT REQUIRE BASIC MEDICAL TREATMENT.

First aid providers are:

Someone who first finds a victim and immediately provides first aid has the ability and has been trained in basic medical treatment.

GIVE FIRST AID TO VICTIMS ACCORDING TO THE ABILITY THAT YOU HAVE LEARNED AND CERTIFIED

VENUE REVIEW

The rescuer cannot directly provide first aid to the victim without first assessing the location when approaching the victim to provide assistance.

The steps that must be taken by the helper at the first inspection when approaching the victim:

1. EXERCISE CONTROLS

Convince yourself to be the first aider

2. Recognize the Danger

  • How many victims and what condition!
  • If there is a possibility of a neck injury to the victim, say “DO NOT MOVE”.
  • If there are witnesses who saw the incident, ask what was going on
  • Think about how the accident occurred
  • Ask for help to do help

DO NOT MOVE THE VICTIM UNLESS THERE IS A DANGER

3. Ask for Help

  • If there are people within earshot, shout HELP!
  • If no one is within earshot, use the radio and the telephone
  • State to the operator: EMERGENCY, EMERGENCY

Provide the following information:

  • Name of helper/reporter
  • Location of the incident
  • Problem at hand
  • Number of victims

4. Approaching the Victim

  • Before providing assistance to the victim, ask permission to provide assistance
  • Tell the victim you know first aid and can provide help
  • If the victim refuses to get help, explain to the victim why he or she needs to get help
  • If the victim cannot answer, press the victim’s shoulder gently to determine his consciousness.

Always communicate with the victim, even if the victim is unconscious

5. Perform First Aid

Assess the victim’s consciousness and begin the first inspection

Golden time period

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

  • All humans need oxygen to live. Air containing oxygen is inhaled through the nostrils or mouth into the lungs.
  • Oxygen in the lungs will be bound by blood and pumped by the heart to all organs of the body through the arteries.
  • The vital organ that will be damaged first and will then result in death is the brain.

The brain organ will die if it does not receive oxygen within 4 – 6 minutes

BLOODSTREAM SYSTEM

  • The oxygen contained in the lungs will be bound by the blood and pumped throughout the body by the heart through the arteries.
  • Oxygen that has been used by all body tissues will be transformed into carbon dioxide.
  • The carbon dioxide will be transported back by the veins to the lungs

FIRST REVIEW

  • The brain is a very important organ in the body, if there is a lack of oxygen supply it can cause death within 4-6 minutes.
  • For this reason, as a first aider, you must check the airway, breathing and circulation.
  • To facilitate implementation, the terms A – B – C are used which are universally applicable.

The first inspection is carried out after we have carried out a site inspection. By checking:

A : Airway (Airway)

B: Breathing

C : Circulation Remember: if there is a lack of oxygen supply it can cause death within 4-6 minutes

RESPIRATION ASSISTANCE

  • Airway clearance is the initial stage of first aid that must be performed on all sufferers.
  • Patients who are unconscious will usually experience airway obstruction.
  • The tongue most often causes airway obstruction in unconscious sufferers, because when the sufferer is unconscious, the muscles will become weak, including the muscles at the base of the tongue which will fall backwards so that the airway becomes closed.
  • In addition, airway obstruction can also be caused by foreign bodies such as: dentures, fluids in the oral cavity.

Mastery of the airway is a priority for all sufferers, several things must be done in controlling the airway:

1. Assess victim awareness

2. Open the airway

3. Check Breathing

  • After the airway is open, check the victim’s breathing for 3 – 5 seconds by:

LOOK               chest movement

HEAR               breath sounds

FEEL                the victim’s breath on your cheek

  • If the victim can breathe, place him in the recovery position.
  • If the victim is not breathing, then continue with the next step

4. Breathing

  • Open the airway
  • Give mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration
  • Breathe into the victim’s mouth until the victim’s chest expands.
  • If the chest does not expand, immediately reposition the head
  • After repositioning the head, open the airway again
  • Give breathing assistance again

If the chest still does not rise, seek immediate assistance in cases of choking.

5. Circulation

  • After the victim has received two artificial breaths, check the victim’s pulse
  • If there is no palpable pulse, immediately perform CPR
  • And if a pulse is palpable, give artificial breath once every 5 seconds.

BLEEDING

Bleeding occurs due to damage to the walls of blood vessels which can be caused by trauma or disease.

Classification of bleeding:

  1. Arterial bleeding
  2. Back bleeding (venous)
  3. Capillary bleeding

TYPE OF BLEEDING:

  1. External Bleeding
  2. Internal Bleeding

FIRST AID EXTERNAL BLOODING

1. Start the Place Review

REMEMBER: DON’T BECOME THE NEXT VICTIMS, USE PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT AND WASH YOUR HANDS AFTER WORK

2.START THE FIRST REVIEW

Check it out :

  • Airway
  • Breathing
  • Circulation

In a victim who is bleeding, stop the bleeding with the following technique:

  1. Direct Emphasis
  2. Elevate Luka
  3. Press directly on the pressure point
  4. Victim’s position
  5. Bandage the wound

UNAWARE

Unconsciousness is a short-term loss of consciousness caused by reduced blood circulation to the brain.

Reason :

  • Tired and hungry
  • Too much energy
  • Diseases being suffered
  • Being in a room full of people without enough fresh air

Signs and symptoms

  • Eyes not open
  • The victim did not answer.
  • The victim was not aware of his surroundings
  • The victim does not react to pain.

First aid

  1. Do a site inspection
  2. Continue with the first review; check Airway, Breathing and Circulation.

If the victim has a neck injury, carefully monitor breathing

If the victim does not have a neck injury, then place the victim in a recovery position.

PERSONAL HYGIENE

In carrying out first aid measures, a first aider needs tools such as gloves which are very often used, mouth to mouth devices which are used as aids in giving mouth to mouth breathing.

The use of personal protective equipment as mentioned above, is not fully able to protect the helper.

There are several actions that need to be taken as preventive measures:

  1. Washing hands
  2. Cleaning tools
Multiple Regression
Understanding APAR